The First Pixel

In January 2025, I took on a challenge to compute Kaprekar’s Constant — the famous 6174 constant produced by any 4-digit number via Kaprekar’s routine — except for ever larger digit lengths.

Read about the new finding that my initial efforts uncovered here:

• My initial blog post:
  • 6174 Kaprekar’s Constant

Throughout 2025, I have computed much more. I heavily optimized my software, upgraded it to work for any radix (number base), and ran it on on two Alienware gaming laptops (m15 R1 12-core and m18 R2 32-core) for a couple of months.

Here are the beginnings of the analysis of the massive database I have produced using Kaprekar’s routine:

• Database analysis presentation:
  • Kaprekar’s Routine – Number Base 10 – Summary – All Digit Length Sets

The data set includes:

• All radix from 2 to 255, not just base-10.
• All digit length sets from 1 to 100 (though not for every base), not just digit length 4 (as in 6174)
• and much more analysis
• 3,309 files
• 129 MB total size

More to come soon.

Enjoy!